Q1. A shopkeeper bought a book for Rs. 200 and sold it for Rs. 240. Find his profit percentage.
Formula → Profit % = (Profit / Cost Price) × 100
Substitution → (240−200) / 200 × 100
Calculation → 40 / 200 × 100 = 20
Final Answer → 20%
Q2. A fruit seller sells mangoes at 10% profit. If cost price is Rs. 300, find selling price.
Formula → S.P. = C.P. × (100 + Profit%) / 100
Substitution → 300 × (100 + 10) / 100
Calculation → 300 × 110 / 100 = 330
Final Answer → Rs. 330
Q3. A trader sells an article at 15% loss for Rs. 255. Find the cost price.
Formula → C.P. = (100 × S.P.) / (100 − Loss%)
Substitution → (100 × 255) / (100 − 15)
Calculation → 25500 / 85 = 300
Final Answer → Rs. 300
Q4. A pen was bought for Rs. 80 and sold for Rs. 96. Find profit %.
Formula → Profit % = (Profit / C.P.) × 100
Substitution → (96 − 80) / 80 × 100
Calculation → 16 / 80 × 100 = 20
Final Answer → 20%
Q5. Find selling price if C.P. = Rs. 500 and profit = 12½%.
Formula → S.P. = C.P. × (100 + Profit%) / 100
Substitution → 500 × (100 + 25/2) / 100
Calculation → 500 × 225/2 / 100 = 500 × 9/8 = 562½
Final Answer → Rs. 562.50
Q6. An article sold for Rs. 450 gives a loss of 10%. Find the cost price.
Formula → C.P. = (100 × S.P.) / (100 − Loss%)
Substitution → (100 × 450) / (100 − 10)
Calculation → 45000 / 90 = 500
Final Answer → Rs. 500
Q7. If S.P. = Rs. 480 and Profit% = 20, find the Cost Price.
Formula → C.P. = (100 × S.P.) / (100 + Profit%)
Substitution → (100 × 480) / (120)
Calculation → 48000 / 120 = 400
Final Answer → Rs. 400
Q8. A man bought an article for Rs. 1,200 and sold it for Rs. 1,500. Find his gain %.
Formula → Profit % = (Profit / C.P.) × 100
Substitution → (1500−1200)/1200×100
Calculation → 300/1200×100=25
Final Answer → 25%
Q9. A cycle was sold at a loss of 12½%. If selling price was Rs. 3500, find cost price.
Formula → C.P. = (100 × S.P.) / (100 − Loss%)
Substitution → (100 × 3500) / (100 − 25/2)
Calculation → 350000 / (175/2) = 350000 × 2 / 175 = 4000
Final Answer → Rs. 4,000
Q10. If cost price of an item is Rs. 640 and loss is 5%, find selling price.
Formula → S.P. = C.P. × (100 − Loss%) / 100
Substitution → 640 × (100 − 5) / 100
Calculation → 640 × 95 / 100 = 608
Final Answer → Rs. 608
Q11. Find cost price if 10% profit is made on selling price Rs. 770.
Formula → C.P. = (100 × S.P.) / (100 + Profit%)
Substitution → (100 × 770) / (110)
Calculation → 77000 / 110 = 700
Final Answer → Rs. 700
Q12. A toy costs Rs. 120 and is sold at Rs. 150. Find profit percentage.
Formula → Profit% = (S.P.−C.P.)/C.P.×100
Substitution → (150−120)/120×100
Calculation → 30/120×100=25
Final Answer → 25%
Q13. A trader gains Rs. 60 on selling an article for Rs. 660. Find profit percentage.
Formula → Profit% = (Profit / C.P.) × 100
Substitution → 60 / (660−60) × 100
Calculation → 60 / 600 × 100 = 10
Final Answer → 10%
Q14. If selling price is Rs. 1,250 and loss is 16⅔%, find cost price.
Formula → C.P. = (100 × S.P.) / (100 − Loss%)
Substitution → (100 × 1250) / (100 − 50/3)
Calculation → 125000 / (250/3) = 1500
Final Answer → Rs. 1,500
Q15. If C.P. = Rs. 900 and S.P. = Rs. 1080, find profit %.
Formula → Profit% = (Profit / C.P.) × 100
Substitution → (1080 − 900)/900×100
Calculation → 180 / 900 × 100 = 20
Final Answer → 20%
Q16. A trader sells goods at 10% loss. If the cost price is Rs. 700, find selling price.
Formula → S.P. = C.P. × (100 − Loss%) / 100
Substitution → 700 × (100 − 10)/100
Calculation → 700 × 90 / 100 = 630
Final Answer → Rs. 630
Q17. Find loss % if article bought for Rs. 640 is sold for Rs. 600.
Formula → Loss% = (Loss / C.P.) × 100
Substitution → (640 − 600)/640 × 100
Calculation → 40 / 640 × 100 = 6¼
Final Answer → 6¼%
Q18. A person sold an article for Rs. 480 making a profit of ⅕ of cost price. Find cost price.
Formula → S.P. = C.P. + ⅕C.P. = 6/5C.P.
Substitution → 480 = 6/5C.P.
Calculation → C.P. = 480 × 5/6 = 400
Final Answer → Rs. 400
Q19. Find profit % if a shirt bought at Rs. 240 is sold at Rs. 288.
Formula → Profit% = (S.P.−C.P.) / C.P. × 100
Substitution → (288−240)/240×100
Calculation → 48 / 240 × 100 = 20
Final Answer → 20%
Q20. An article is sold for Rs. 480 at a loss of 20%. Find cost price.
Formula → C.P. = (100 × S.P.) / (100 − Loss%)
Substitution → (100 × 480)/(80)
Calculation → 48000 / 80 = 600
Final Answer → Rs. 600
Q21. A shopkeeper makes 15% profit on cost. If C.P. = Rs. 2000, find S.P.
Formula → S.P. = C.P. × (100 + Profit%) / 100
Substitution → 2000 × 115 / 100
Calculation → 2300
Final Answer → Rs. 2,300
Q22. A trader bought goods for Rs. 1500 and sold them at 12% loss. Find selling price.
Formula → S.P. = C.P. × (100 − Loss%) / 100
Substitution → 1500 × 88 / 100
Calculation → 1320
Final Answer → Rs. 1,320
Q23. Find profit % if an article bought for Rs. 350 is sold for Rs. 385.
Formula → Profit% = (Profit / C.P.) × 100
Substitution → (385−350)/350×100
Calculation → 35 / 350 × 100 = 10
Final Answer → 10%
Q24. A man sells two watches at Rs. 990 each, gaining 10% on one and losing 10% on the other. Find overall gain or loss %.
Formula → Net% = (Loss%² − Gain%²) / 200
Substitution → (10² − 10²) / 200 = 0 / 200
Calculation → 0
Final Answer → No gain, no loss
Q25. A dealer sells an article at 8% profit. Had he sold it for Rs. 40 more, profit would be 12%. Find cost price.
Formula → Difference = C.P. × (New% − Old%) / 100
Substitution → 40 = C.P. × (12−8)/100
Calculation → 40 = C.P. × 4/100 ⇒ C.P. = 40×100/4 = 1000
Final Answer → Rs. 1,000
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